Copyright (C) 2004, 2005, 2007-2009 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC") Copyright (C) 2001, 2003 Internet Software Consortium. See COPYRIGHT in the source root or http://isc.org/copyright.html for terms. $Id: readme1st.txt,v 1.24 2009-09-01 06:51:47 marka Exp $ Release of BIND 9.7 for Windows and later. This is a release of BIND 9.7 for Windows XP and later. Important Kit Installation Information As of release 9.3.0, BINDInstall requires that you install it under a account with restricted privileges. The installer will prompt you for an account name, the default is "named", and a password for that account. It will also check for the existence of that account. If it does not exist is will create it with only the privileges required to run BIND. If the account does exist it will check that it has only the one privilege required: "Log on as a service". If it has too many privileges it will prompt you if you want to continue. With BIND running under an account name it is necessary for all files and directories that BIND uses to have permissions set up for the named account if the files are on an NTFS disk. BIND requires that the account have read and write access to the directory for the pid file, any files that are maintained either for slave zones or for master zones supporting dynamic updates. The account will also need read access to the named.conf and any other file that it needs to read. "NT AUTHORITY\LocalService" is also an acceptable account. This account is built into Windows and no password is required. Appropriate file permissions will also need to be set for "NT AUTHORITY\LocalService" similar to those that would have been required for the "named" account. It is important that on Windows the directory directive is used in the options section to tell BIND where to find the files used in named.conf (default %WINDOWS%\system32\dns\etc\named.conf). e.g. options { directory "C:\WINDOWS\system32\dns\etc"; }; If you have previously installed BIND 8 or BIND 4 on the system that you wish to install this kit, you MUST use the BIND 8 or BIND 4 installer to uninstall the previous kit. For BIND 8.2.x, you can use the BINDInstall that comes with the BIND 8 kit to uninstall it. The BIND 9 installer will NOT uninstall the BIND 8 binaries. That will be fixed in a future release. Unpack the kit into any convenient directory and run the BINDInstall program. This will install the named and associated programs into the correct directories and set up the required registry keys. Messages are logged to the Application log in the EventViewer. Controlling BIND Windows uses the same rndc program as is used on Unix systems. The rndc.conf file must be configured for your system in order to work. You will need to generate a key for this. To do this use the rndc-confgen program. The program will be installed in the same directory as named: dns/bin/. From the DOS prompt, use the command this way: rndc-confgen -a which will create a rndc.key file in the dns/etc directory. This will allow you to run rndc without an explicit rndc.conf file or key and control entry in named.conf file. See section 3.4.1.2 of the ARM for details of this. An rndc.conf can also be generated by running: rndc-confgen > rndc.conf which will create the rndc.conf file in the current directory, but not copy it to the dns/etc directory where it needs to reside. If you create rndc.conf this way you will need to copy the same key statement into named.conf. The additions look like the following: key "rndc-key" { algorithm hmac-md5; secret "xxxxxxxxx=="; }; controls { inet 127.0.0.1 port 953 allow { localhost; } keys { "rndc-key"; }; }; Note that the value of the secret must come from the key generated above for rndc and must be the same key value for both. Details of this may be found in section 3.4.1.2 of the ARM. If you have rndc on a Unix box you can use it to control BIND on the Windows box as well as using the Windows version of rndc to control a BIND 9 daemon on a Unix box. However you must have key statements valid for the servers you wish to control, specifically the IP address and key in both named.conf and rndc.conf. Again see section 3.4.1.2 of the ARM for details. In order to you rndc from a different system it is important to ensure that the clocks are synchronized. The clocks must be kept within 5 minutes of each other or the rndc commands will fail authentication. Use NTP or other time synchronization software to keep your clocks accurate. NTP can be found at http://www.ntp.org/. In addition BIND is installed as a win32 system service, can be started and stopped in the same way as any other service and automatically starts whenever the system is booted. Signals are not supported and are in fact ignored. Note: Unlike most Windows applications, named does not, change its working directory when started as a service. If you wish to use relative files in named.conf you will need to specify a working directory using the directory directive options. Documentation This kit includes Documentation in HTML format. The documentation is not copied during the installation process so you should move it to any convenient location for later reference. Of particular importance is the BIND 9 Administrator's Reference Manual (Bv9ARM*.html) which provides detailed information on BIND 9. In addition, there are HTML pages for each of the BIND 9 applications. DNS Tools The following tools have been built for Windows: dig, nslookup, host, nsupdate, rndc, rndc-confgen, named-checkconf, named-checkzone, dnssec-keygen, dnssec-signzone, dnssec-dsfromkey and dnssec-keyfromlabel. The latter tools are for use with DNSSEC. All tools are installed in the dns/bin directory. IMPORTANT NOTE ON USING THE TOOLS: It is no longer necessary to create a resolv.conf file on Windows as the tools will look in the registry for the required nameserver information. However if you wish to create a resolv.conf file as follows it will use it in preference to the registry nameserver entries. To create a resolv.conf you need to place it in the System32\Drivers\etc directory and it needs to contain a list of nameserver addresses to use to find the nameserver authoritative for the zone. The format of this file is: nameserver 1.2.3.4 nameserver 5.6.7.8 Replace the IP addresses with your real addresses. 127.0.0.1 is a valid address if you are running a nameserver on the localhost. Problems Please report all problems to bind9-bugs@isc.org and not to me. All other questions should go to the bind-users@isc.org mailing list or the comp.protocol.dns.bind news group. Danny Mayer mayer@ntp.isc.org