From: OGAWA Hirofumi <hirofumi@mail.parknet.co.jp>

This race became a cause of oops, and can reproduce by the following.

    while true; do
	dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/.static/dev/hdg1 bs=512 count=1000 & sync
    done

This race condition was between __sync_single_inode() and iput().

          cpu0 (fs's inode)                 cpu1 (bdev's inode)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                       close("/dev/hda2")
                                       [...]
__sync_single_inode()
   /* copy the bdev's ->i_mapping */
   mapping = inode->i_mapping;

                                       generic_forget_inode()
                                          bdev_clear_inode()
					     /* restre the fs's ->i_mapping */
				             inode->i_mapping = &inode->i_data;
				          /* bdev's inode was freed */
                                          destroy_inode(inode);

   if (wait) {
      /* dereference a freed bdev's mapping->host */
      filemap_fdatawait(mapping);  /* Oops */

Since __sync_single_inode() is only taking a ref-count of fs's inode, the
another process can be close() and freeing the bdev's inode while writing
fs's inode.  So, __sync_signle_inode() accesses the freed ->i_mapping,
oops.

This patch takes a ref-count on the bdev's inode for the fs's inode before
setting a ->i_mapping, and the clear_inode() of the fs's inode does iput() on
the bdev's inode.  So if the fs's inode is still living, bdev's inode
shouldn't be freed.

Signed-off-by: OGAWA Hirofumi <hirofumi@mail.parknet.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
---

 fs/block_dev.c |   32 +++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
 1 files changed, 25 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff -puN fs/block_dev.c~fix-a-race-condition-between-i_mapping-and-iput fs/block_dev.c
--- 25/fs/block_dev.c~fix-a-race-condition-between-i_mapping-and-iput	Thu Mar 16 14:36:16 2006
+++ 25-akpm/fs/block_dev.c	Thu Mar 16 14:36:16 2006
@@ -410,21 +410,31 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(bdput);
 static struct block_device *bd_acquire(struct inode *inode)
 {
 	struct block_device *bdev;
+
 	spin_lock(&bdev_lock);
 	bdev = inode->i_bdev;
-	if (bdev && igrab(bdev->bd_inode)) {
+	if (bdev) {
+		atomic_inc(&bdev->bd_inode->i_count);
 		spin_unlock(&bdev_lock);
 		return bdev;
 	}
 	spin_unlock(&bdev_lock);
+
 	bdev = bdget(inode->i_rdev);
 	if (bdev) {
 		spin_lock(&bdev_lock);
-		if (inode->i_bdev)
-			__bd_forget(inode);
-		inode->i_bdev = bdev;
-		inode->i_mapping = bdev->bd_inode->i_mapping;
-		list_add(&inode->i_devices, &bdev->bd_inodes);
+		if (!inode->i_bdev) {
+			/*
+			 * We take an additional bd_inode->i_count for inode,
+			 * and it's released in clear_inode() of inode.
+			 * So, we can access it via ->i_mapping always
+			 * without igrab().
+			 */
+			atomic_inc(&bdev->bd_inode->i_count);
+			inode->i_bdev = bdev;
+			inode->i_mapping = bdev->bd_inode->i_mapping;
+			list_add(&inode->i_devices, &bdev->bd_inodes);
+		}
 		spin_unlock(&bdev_lock);
 	}
 	return bdev;
@@ -434,10 +444,18 @@ static struct block_device *bd_acquire(s
 
 void bd_forget(struct inode *inode)
 {
+	struct block_device *bdev = NULL;
+
 	spin_lock(&bdev_lock);
-	if (inode->i_bdev)
+	if (inode->i_bdev) {
+		if (inode->i_sb != blockdev_superblock)
+			bdev = inode->i_bdev;
 		__bd_forget(inode);
+	}
 	spin_unlock(&bdev_lock);
+
+	if (bdev)
+		iput(bdev->bd_inode);
 }
 
 int bd_claim(struct block_device *bdev, void *holder)
_